The Wonks' List: The Best Technical Policy Reads of 2024

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Understanding the Elegant Math Behind Modern Machine Learning 1:14:43

منذ 6 أيام1:14:43

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1:14:43

Artificial intelligence is evolving at an unprecedented pace—what does that mean for the future of technology, venture capital, business, and even our understanding of ourselves? Award-winning journalist and writer Anil Ananthaswamy joins us for our latest episode to discuss his latest book Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Math Behind Modern AI . Anil helps us explore the journey and many breakthroughs that have propelled machine learning from simple perceptrons to the sophisticated algorithms shaping today’s AI revolution, powering GPT and other models. The discussion aims to demystify some of the underlying math that powers modern machine learning to help everyone grasp this technology impacting our lives, even if your last math class was in high school. Anil walks us through the power of scaling laws, the shift from training to inference optimization, and the debate among AI’s pioneers about the road to AGI—should we be concerned, or are we still missing key pieces of the puzzle? The conversation also delves into AI’s philosophical implications—could understanding how machines learn help us better understand ourselves? And what challenges remain before AI systems can truly operate with agency? If you enjoy this episode, please subscribe and leave us a review on your favorite podcast platform. Sign up for our newsletter at techsurgepodcast.com for exclusive insights and updates on upcoming TechSurge Live Summits. Links: Read Why Machines Learn, Anil’s latest book on the math behind AI https://www.amazon.com/Why-Machines-Learn-Elegant-Behind/dp/0593185749 Learn more about Anil Ananthaswamy’s work and writing https://anilananthaswamy.com/ Watch Anil Ananthaswamy’s TED Talk on AI and intelligence https://www.ted.com/speakers/anil_ananthaswamy Discover the MIT Knight Science Journalism Fellowship that shaped Anil’s AI research https://ksj.mit.edu/ Understand the Perceptron, the foundation of neural networks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron Read about the Perceptron Convergence Theorem and its significance https://www.nature.com/articles/323533a0…

منذ عام واحد 17:15

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Each year, our staff curate the Wonks' List, a selection of the best technical reads for policy enthusiasts. From the housing crisis to trade policy, each of these works sparks discussion on pressing economic issues. On this podcast, Senior Associates Nick Parkinson and Elizabeth Baldwin break down what made the Wonks' List for 2024, and why. Read the list: https://grattan.edu.au/news/wonks-list-2024/

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Grattan Institute

The Wonks' List: The Best Technical Policy Reads of 2024

Grattan Institute

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Grattan Institute

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How to boost child vaccination rates 11:08

منذ 6 أيام11:08

11:08

For decades, Australia has been a global leader in child immunization efforts. Vaccination has protected millions of children from preventable diseases like diphtheria, measles and whooping cough. But after child vaccination rates peaked in 2020 at around 95%, we're now seeing an alarming decline. In this podcast, health policy experts Peter Breadon and Wendy Hu discuss these concerning trends and what governments can do to boost vaccination rates in Australia. Hosted by Kat Clay. Relevant research - Child vaccination in Australia is falling - The Conversation (https://grattan.edu.au/news/child-vaccination-in-australia-is-falling/) - Falling vaccination rates endanger us all - The Sydney Morning Herald (https://grattan.edu.au/news/falling-vaccination-rates-endanger-us-all/)…

Grattan Institute

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The RBA has cut rates. Now what? 21:03

منذ 13 يومًا21:03

21:03

Last Tuesday, the Reserve Bank of Australia delivered its first rate cut in over four years. For many, the tumultuous years of rate rises have felt like a cost-of-living gauntlet. Inflation has driven up the cost of household bills, groceries and housing, with families slashing their spending to make ends meet. Despite the RBA’s independence from government, the rate cut falls under the shadow of a looming election, and both major parties are using the decision to pitch policies that ease the cost-of-living crisis. On this podcast, host Kat Clay interviews Grattan experts Trent Wiltshire and Jessica Geraghty, on the RBA’s decision, what it means for the election, and Australia’s economic outlook. Helpful links: Statement by the Reserve Bank Board: Monetary Policy Decision https://www.rba.gov.au/media-releases/2025/mr-25-03.html Australia's Productivity Pitch: https://engage.pc.gov.au/projects/productivity-pitch/surveys/idea/survey/your-idea#submissions…

Grattan Institute

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Why Rent Assistance needs to rise 20:12

منذ 27 يومًا20:12

20:12

Most Australians have enough to enjoy a comfortable retirement. But too many retirees who rent are being left behind. Today, two thirds of retirees who rent privately live in poverty, including more than three in four single women. And a growing number of older Australians are at risk of becoming homeless. With home ownership falling across the board, it’s only going to get worse. On this podcast, host Kat Clay discusses Grattan’s new report, Renting in Retirement: Why Rent Assistance needs to rise, with authors Brendan Coates and Matthew Bowes. Read the report: https://grattan.edu.au/report/renting-in-retirement-why-rent-assistance-needs-to-rise/…

Grattan Institute

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What are 'GP deserts' (and how to fix them)? 13:43

منذ 4 weeks13:43

13:43

Some communities are “GP deserts”, where there are too few GPs to ensure everyone can get the care they need when they need it. These communities are typically sicker and poorer than the rest of Australia, but receive less care and face higher fees. On this podcast, host Kat Clay interviews health experts Peter Breadon and Wendy Hu on the problem of GP deserts and how governments can fix them. Read the research: https://grattan.edu.au/news/how-to-eliminate-gp-deserts/…

Grattan Institute

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The Wonks' List: The Best Technical Policy Reads of 2024 17:15

منذ 6 weeks17:15

17:15

Grattan Institute

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Super stressful: how Australia can simplify retirement incomes 20:06

منذ 6 weeks20:06

20:06

Do you find the idea of planning for your retirement overwhelming? If that’s you, you’re not alone. Our new report shows about 80 per cent of Australians find retirement planning complicated and about 60 per cent of Australians expect that their retirement will be financially stressful. But there are three things the government could do to simplify superannuation – so Australians can enjoy their retirement. On the latest podcast, Brendan Coates and Joey Moloney discuss their new report, Simpler super, and how these three reforms could take the stress out of retirement. Read the report: https://grattan.edu.au/report/simpler-super/…

Grattan Institute

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Crunching the numbers on the Coalition's nuclear plan 25:29

منذ 11 weeks25:29

25:29

Peter Dutton has released the costings for the Coalition's nuclear energy plan, proposing to build seven nuclear power stations at the sites of current coal plants. The Coalition says its plan would be markedly cheaper than Labor's plan to convert to mostly renewable energy by 2050. But a report from CSIRO and the Australian Energy Market Operator suggests that renewables have the lowest cost range of any new electricity generation. Added to this, debates around energy prices are only going to get bigger as the 2025 federal election draws closer. And in the end, is the ultimate goal of emissions reduction getting lost in the clamour for cheaper bills? On this podcast, Grattan's energy experts Tony Wood and Alison Reeve provide incisive commentary on the state of energy policy - and they argue that Australia shouldn't jump to Plan B anytime soon. Links to reports mentioned in the podcast: - Frontier Economics report https://www.frontier-economics.com.au/economic-analysis-of-including-nuclear-power-in-the-nem/ - CSIRO and AEMO GenCost Report https://www.csiro.au/en/research/technology-space/energy/gencost - Grattan's submission on nuclear energy https://grattan.edu.au/news/nuclear-energy-for-australia/…

Grattan Institute

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Prime Minister's Summer Reading List 2024 19:05

منذ 12 weeks19:05

19:05

Each year, Grattan Institute selects its best books of the past 12 months – recommended reading for the Prime Minister, and indeed all Australians, over the summer holidays. From the history of democracy to the stars above, each of these reads put humans squarely in the centre of the frame. Grattan CEO Aruna Sathanapally, and researchers Jessica Geraghty and Nick Parkinson, discuss why we chose these six pieces. Read more about these thought-provoking reads on our website: https://grattan.edu.au/news/prime-ministers-summer-reading-list-2024/…

Grattan Institute

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What the Annual Climate Change Statement means for Australia 17:38

منذ 13 weeks17:38

17:38

Every year, the federal government releases a Climate Change Statement, which documents progress towards Australia’s climate targets. This year’s statement shows Australia’s emissions have fallen and that we are on track to meet the 2030 emissions reduction target of 43 per cent. But hitting this number depends on implementing several policies, including the Capacity Investment Scheme, the Future Made in Australia plan, and The New Vehicle Emissions Standard. In this Grattan podcast, host Kat Clay and energy expert Alison Reeve discuss what the statement means for Australia, and what the government can do over the next five years to ensure Australia hits the targets. Further reading - Annual Climate Change Statement 2024 https://www.dcceew.gov.au/climate-change/strategies/annual-climate-change-statement-2024 - Climate Change Authority Annual Progress Report 2024 https://www.climatechangeauthority.gov.au/2024-annual-progress-report-released - Grattan’s Towards Net-Zero report series https://grattan.edu.au/towards-net-zero/…

Grattan Institute

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Housing policy heats up 28:50

منذ 18 weeks28:50

28:50

It’s been a big week for housing policy. Federal Opposition Leader Peter Dutton and Victorian Premier Jacinta Allan both announced policies designed to boost housing supply. Our housing experts Brendan Coates and Matthew Bowes analyse the latest policies, and discuss what else could be done to ease the housing crisis.…

Grattan Institute

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Should Australia curb negative gearing? 25:01

منذ 21 weeks25:01

25:01

Negative gearing is back on the table with Jim Chalmers asking Treasury to model changes to property tax breaks. It's not a new proposal for Labor, with tax reform a hot political issue in the 2019 election. But at any mention of changes to negative gearing, landlords immediately voice concerns about losing income and having to sell up. Tenants raise issues about increasing rents. And first home buyers wonder if this will worsen their chances of getting into the market. In this podcast episode, housing experts Brendan Coates and Matthew Bowes make the case for curbing negative gearing and the capital gains tax, a change which could raise billions for the federal Budget and boost home ownership. Show notes Why negative gearing should be on the table: https://grattan.edu.au/news/why-negative-gearing-should-be-on-the-table/ On negative gearing and the 2019 federal election: https://grattan.edu.au/news/self-interest-didnt-swing-the-election-results-but-the-scare-campaign-did/ Hot Property: Negative gearing and capital gains tax reform https://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/872-Hot-Property.pdf…

Grattan Institute

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Should Australia invest in nuclear power? 23:59

منذ 22 weeks23:59

23:59

Nuclear energy is a hotly contested topic for the upcoming election, with both sides of politics looking for a plan that enables Australia to hit net zero emissions by 2050 while maintaining an affordable, reliable energy supply. Peter Dutton has declared nuclear a central piece of the Coalition's energy plan, but with the policy light on details, there's a lot of questions left behind. What would a nuclear future look like for Australia? Does it help or hinder the pursuit of net zero? And is it cost effective for Australian taxpayers? All these questions - and more - are answered in this week's podcast with energy expert Alison Reeve, and host Kat Clay.…

Grattan Institute

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How to prevent gambling harm in Australia 20:04

منذ 25 weeks20:04

20:04

Gambling is everywhere. And Australia's lax approach to gambling regulation shows. We have the highest gambling losses in the world. While the federal government is considering banning gambling advertising in the wake of the Murphy Inquiry, Grattan's latest report makes the case for more regulation to minimise gambling harm in Australia. In this special podcast, authors Kate Griffiths and Elizabeth Baldwin discuss their report, A better bet: How Australia should prevent gambling harm, with host Kat Clay. Read the gambling report: https://grattan.edu.au/report/a-better-bet-how-australia-should-prevent-gambling-harm/ Who's in the room report: https://grattan.edu.au/report/whos-in-the-room/…

Grattan Institute

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How to reform NDIS housing and support 24:26

منذ 26 weeks24:26

24:26

The National Disability Insurance Scheme is failing many Australians with profound disability. More than 43,000 people with intensive support packages are seeing little benefit from a scheme that was supposed to give them greater choice and improved independence. Last year's reports from the Disability Royal Commission and the NDIS review called for significant reform and a wider range of housing and support services. But neither report provided a clear and detailed roadmap to improve people's safety and give them alternate options. And the federal government's recent response to the Disability Royal Commission has kicked some of the more ambitious recommendations made by some commissioners to phase out group homes into the long grass for further consideration. So how can the government improve housing and support for Australians with intensive needs? Grattan's latest report, Better, safer, more sustainable, argues for four major reforms to improve NDIS housing and living supports. Host Kat Clay is joined by report authors, Sam Bennett and Hannah Orban. Read the report: https://grattan.edu.au/report/better-safer-more-sustainable-how-to-reform-ndis-housing-and-support/…

Grattan Institute

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Unpacking the 2024 NAPLAN results 15:30

منذ 27 weeks15:30

15:30

The 2024 NAPLAN school test results show one in three Australian students are not on track with their learning. The results also reveal deep inequities in Australian schools. Indigenous children, children from disadvantaged families, and children from regional and remote areas are falling years behind their more advantaged peers as they move through school. In this special Grattan Podcast, our NAPLAN specialists Amy Haywood and Nick Parkinson identify why students are performing so poorly, and what governments should do to turn this around so all young Australians gain the literacy and numeracy skills they need to have their best chance in life.…

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