Player FM - Internet Radio Done Right
Checked 9M ago
Добавлено шесть лет назад
المحتوى المقدم من 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving. يتم تحميل جميع محتويات البودكاست بما في ذلك الحلقات والرسومات وأوصاف البودكاست وتقديمها مباشرة بواسطة 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving أو شريك منصة البودكاست الخاص بهم. إذا كنت تعتقد أن شخصًا ما يستخدم عملك المحمي بحقوق الطبع والنشر دون إذنك، فيمكنك اتباع العملية الموضحة هنا https://ar.player.fm/legal.
Player FM - تطبيق بودكاست
انتقل إلى وضع عدم الاتصال باستخدام تطبيق Player FM !
انتقل إلى وضع عدم الاتصال باستخدام تطبيق Player FM !
المدونة الصوتية تستحق الاستماع
برعاية
C
Curated Questions: Conversations Celebrating the Power of Questions!
![Curated Questions: Conversations Celebrating the Power of Questions! podcast artwork](https://cdn.player.fm/images/55643642/series/AYrVRyvMkRPcJ4cC/32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.player.fm/images/55643642/series/AYrVRyvMkRPcJ4cC/64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.player.fm/images/55643642/series/AYrVRyvMkRPcJ4cC/128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.player.fm/images/55643642/series/AYrVRyvMkRPcJ4cC/256.jpg 256w, https://cdn.player.fm/images/55643642/series/AYrVRyvMkRPcJ4cC/512.jpg 512w)
![Curated Questions: Conversations Celebrating the Power of Questions! podcast artwork](/static/images/64pixel.png)
Episode Notes [03:47] Seth's Early Understanding of Questions [04:33] The Power of Questions [05:25] Building Relationships Through Questions [06:41] This is Strategy: Focus on Questions [10:21] Gamifying Questions [11:34] Conversations as Infinite Games [15:32] Creating Tension with Questions [20:46] Effective Questioning Techniques [23:21] Empathy and Engagement [34:33] Strategy and Culture [35:22] Microsoft's Transformation [36:00] Global Perspectives on Questions [39:39] Caring in a Challenging World Resources Mentioned The Dip by Seth Godin Linchpin by Seth Godin Purple Cow by Seth Godin Tribes by Seth Godin This Is Marketing by Seth Godin The Carbon Almanac This is Strategy by Seth Godin Seth's Blog What Does it Sound Like When You Change Your Mind? by Seth Godin Value Creation Masterclass by Seth Godin on Udemy The Strategy Deck by Seth Godin Taylor Swift Jimmy Smith Jimmy Smith Curated Questions Episode Supercuts Priya Parker Techstars Satya Nadella Microsoft Steve Ballmer Acumen Jerry Colonna Unleashing the Idea Virus by Seth Godin Tim Ferriss podcast with Seth Godin Seth Godin website Beauty Pill Producer Ben Ford Questions Asked When did you first understand the power of questions? What do you do to get under the layer to really get down to those lower levels? Is it just follow-up questions, mindset, worldview, and how that works for you? How'd you get this job anyway? What are things like around here? What did your boss do before they were your boss? Wow did you end up with this job? Why are questions such a big part of This is Strategy? If you had to charge ten times as much as you charge now, what would you do differently? If it had to be free, what would you do differently? Who's it for, and what's it for? What is the change we seek to make? How did you choose the questions for The Strategy Deck? How big is our circle of us? How many people do I care about? Is the change we're making contagious? Are there other ways to gamify the use of questions? Any other thoughts on how questions might be gamified? How do we play games with other people where we're aware of what it would be for them to win and for us to win? What is it that you're challenged by? What is it that you want to share? What is it that you're afraid of? If there isn't a change, then why are we wasting our time? Can you define tension? What kind of haircut do you want? How long has it been since your last haircut? How might one think about intentionally creating that question? What factors should someone think about as they use questions to create tension? How was school today? What is the kind of interaction I'm hoping for over time? How do I ask a different sort of question that over time will be answered with how was school today? Were there any easy questions on your math homework? Did anything good happen at school today? What tension am I here to create? What wrong questions continue to be asked? What temperature is it outside? When the person you could have been meets the person you are becoming, is it going to be a cause for celebration or heartbreak? What are the questions we're going to ask each other? What was life like at the dinner table when you were growing up? What are we really trying to accomplish? How do you have this cogent two sentence explanation of what you do? How many clicks can we get per visit? What would happen if there was a webpage that was designed to get you to leave? What were the questions that were being asked by people in authority at Yahoo in 1999? How did the stock do today? Is anything broken? What can you do today that will make the stock go up tomorrow? What are risks worth taking? What are we doing that might not work but that supports our mission? What was the last thing you did that didn't work, and what did we learn from it? What have we done to so delight our core customers that they're telling other people? How has your international circle informed your life of questions? What do I believe that other people don't believe? What do I see that other people don't see? What do I take for granted that other people don't take for granted? What would blank do? What would Bob do? What would Jill do? What would Susan do? What happened to them? What system are they in that made them decide that that was the right thing to do? And then how do we change the system? How given the state of the world, do you manage to continue to care as much as you do? Do you walk to school or take your lunch? If you all can only care if things are going well, then what does that mean about caring? Should I have spent the last 50 years curled up in a ball? How do we go to the foundation and create community action?…
International Day of Protest against war with Iran and a report on Bolivia
Manage episode 253223916 series 2533574
المحتوى المقدم من 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving. يتم تحميل جميع محتويات البودكاست بما في ذلك الحلقات والرسومات وأوصاف البودكاست وتقديمها مباشرة بواسطة 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving أو شريك منصة البودكاست الخاص بهم. إذا كنت تعتقد أن شخصًا ما يستخدم عملك المحمي بحقوق الطبع والنشر دون إذنك، فيمكنك اتباع العملية الموضحة هنا https://ar.player.fm/legal.
In today’s program we gave a report from the Global day of protest against war on Iran held on 25 January 2020. Later on in the program you will hear a report on Bolivia by Alexi Goncharuk, a member of the Campaign for International Co-operation and Disarmament. Transcription of Bolivia segment:Bolivia Coup: Two Months On On November the 3rd a coup took place in Bolivia, ousting indigenous President Evo Morales, led by right wing forces such as Carlos Mesa, Jeanine Añez, Rio de Pie and with OAS having a big part to play in it. This was due to Morales’ plan to nationalise the resources of Bolivia and put them to use in favour of the people, which went against the business interests of those interested in Bolivia’s lithium reserves.Sections of the military and police betrayed the Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) government to join forces with Mesa. Large scale unrest ensued including arson of MAS-aligned homes, murder of dissenters. Morales accepted political asylum in Mexico and fled the country under threatThere is little media coverage of the current situation and much distortion, Mesa’s government, headed by Jeanine Añez, is preparing to sell off state assets to private ownership, one such case is Entel, Bolivia’s state telco.There has also been seeing the expelling of a Mexican diplomat from Bolivia and two Spanish diplomats and even reports of the embassies of the two respective countries being attacked, after both countries granted political asylum to Morales and a number of of his allies.Meanwhile on the other side of the struggle, the working class and Indigenous peoples of Bolivia have managed to secure themselves in the Chapare region of Bolivia.The people of the Chapare region have evicted the police from the region, due to reasons of concern for corruption such as forces removing the indigenous flag from their uniforms and declaring support for the right wing interm government and reasons as massacre such as the Cochabamba massacre that occurred, and have been preparing themselves for any conflict that the right wing interm government will attempt to carry out on this region.Another region, as of recent, has been able to expel the Bolivian military from the region, after days of harassment, known as “Plan 3000” which is the largest working class area in the city of Santa Cruz, this area is also he heartland for the MAS party, with a number of residents being internal migrants from indigenous Andean areas.Unions and Indigenous groups of the Chapare region have also been making progress on organising, one such act is signing a “pact of reconciliation” between the many Indigenous groups that exist in the region with the goal “to confront the violation of our rights by the neo-liberals”, meaning that the resistance movement is slowly overcoming divisions that exist, and must do so in order to survive. The Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) has also been holding congresses and meetings, electing representatives and as well as candidates for the upcoming elections, which have been announced for the 3rd of May.It has also been announced that on the 22nd of January a mass mobilisation of the MAS movement will occur, to protest the right-wing interm government and for the removal of interm president Añez. In response to this military and right-wing groups have been deployed to the city of La Paz to serve as a counter to the protests on 22nd JanuaryWhich brings us to the next interesting development, in which the right wing interm government has not outlawed MAS but in fact has ruled that MAS is officially allowed to run in any upcoming elections. This shows that MAS still holds a significant amount of influence and support amongst the masses.In conclusion, these developments have shown that there is still support of Morales in Bolivia and that people are rejecting and resisting the right-wing interm government and it’s neo-liberal policies that has taken over the country and harassed and murdered many journalists and dissenters, and to protect the progress of Morales’ economic reforms, such as universal healthcare and industrialisation of natural resources, that has brought prosperity to Bolivia for 14 years, from being undone.Solidarity with the Bolivian working class and Indigenous people!
…
continue reading
96 حلقات
Manage episode 253223916 series 2533574
المحتوى المقدم من 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving. يتم تحميل جميع محتويات البودكاست بما في ذلك الحلقات والرسومات وأوصاف البودكاست وتقديمها مباشرة بواسطة 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving أو شريك منصة البودكاست الخاص بهم. إذا كنت تعتقد أن شخصًا ما يستخدم عملك المحمي بحقوق الطبع والنشر دون إذنك، فيمكنك اتباع العملية الموضحة هنا https://ar.player.fm/legal.
In today’s program we gave a report from the Global day of protest against war on Iran held on 25 January 2020. Later on in the program you will hear a report on Bolivia by Alexi Goncharuk, a member of the Campaign for International Co-operation and Disarmament. Transcription of Bolivia segment:Bolivia Coup: Two Months On On November the 3rd a coup took place in Bolivia, ousting indigenous President Evo Morales, led by right wing forces such as Carlos Mesa, Jeanine Añez, Rio de Pie and with OAS having a big part to play in it. This was due to Morales’ plan to nationalise the resources of Bolivia and put them to use in favour of the people, which went against the business interests of those interested in Bolivia’s lithium reserves.Sections of the military and police betrayed the Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) government to join forces with Mesa. Large scale unrest ensued including arson of MAS-aligned homes, murder of dissenters. Morales accepted political asylum in Mexico and fled the country under threatThere is little media coverage of the current situation and much distortion, Mesa’s government, headed by Jeanine Añez, is preparing to sell off state assets to private ownership, one such case is Entel, Bolivia’s state telco.There has also been seeing the expelling of a Mexican diplomat from Bolivia and two Spanish diplomats and even reports of the embassies of the two respective countries being attacked, after both countries granted political asylum to Morales and a number of of his allies.Meanwhile on the other side of the struggle, the working class and Indigenous peoples of Bolivia have managed to secure themselves in the Chapare region of Bolivia.The people of the Chapare region have evicted the police from the region, due to reasons of concern for corruption such as forces removing the indigenous flag from their uniforms and declaring support for the right wing interm government and reasons as massacre such as the Cochabamba massacre that occurred, and have been preparing themselves for any conflict that the right wing interm government will attempt to carry out on this region.Another region, as of recent, has been able to expel the Bolivian military from the region, after days of harassment, known as “Plan 3000” which is the largest working class area in the city of Santa Cruz, this area is also he heartland for the MAS party, with a number of residents being internal migrants from indigenous Andean areas.Unions and Indigenous groups of the Chapare region have also been making progress on organising, one such act is signing a “pact of reconciliation” between the many Indigenous groups that exist in the region with the goal “to confront the violation of our rights by the neo-liberals”, meaning that the resistance movement is slowly overcoming divisions that exist, and must do so in order to survive. The Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) has also been holding congresses and meetings, electing representatives and as well as candidates for the upcoming elections, which have been announced for the 3rd of May.It has also been announced that on the 22nd of January a mass mobilisation of the MAS movement will occur, to protest the right-wing interm government and for the removal of interm president Añez. In response to this military and right-wing groups have been deployed to the city of La Paz to serve as a counter to the protests on 22nd JanuaryWhich brings us to the next interesting development, in which the right wing interm government has not outlawed MAS but in fact has ruled that MAS is officially allowed to run in any upcoming elections. This shows that MAS still holds a significant amount of influence and support amongst the masses.In conclusion, these developments have shown that there is still support of Morales in Bolivia and that people are rejecting and resisting the right-wing interm government and it’s neo-liberal policies that has taken over the country and harassed and murdered many journalists and dissenters, and to protect the progress of Morales’ economic reforms, such as universal healthcare and industrialisation of natural resources, that has brought prosperity to Bolivia for 14 years, from being undone.Solidarity with the Bolivian working class and Indigenous people!
…
continue reading
96 حلقات
모든 에피소드
×Transcript:Neutrality would keep us out of a U.S.-China warANDREW 1: Good morning listeners. My name’s Andrew and with me is Bevan Ramsden. We’re from IPAN, the Independent and Peaceful Australian Network. In this edition of Alternative News we examine neutrality as an alternative Australian foreign policy in the light of recent surveys which show that a clear majority of Australians are in favour of Australia remaining neutral in the event of war between the U.S. and China. We have discussed neutrality in a previous program but are re-visiting the subject in the light of Bevan Ramsden’s recent participation in an International Conference on Neutrality. This Congress had the theme of ‘Neutrality – a Strategy for Global Stabilisation’. Bevan, give us the background to this conference.BEVAN 1: The Congress was held in Bogota, the capital of Colombia. It is situated in the Andes on a plateau 2,500 metres above sea level. Bogota is home to 12 million people in a country with a population of 50 million. The primary organisers of the Congress were World Beyond War and the International Peace Bureau. The two- day Congress involved 50 speakers from 25 countries on 5 continents. Some of the presentations from distant countries were made over the internet but most were in person.The Congress was held in a venue within the Republic of Colombia’s Congress Building, which houses the Colombian Parliament. We were addressed by four Senators at the opening breakfast meeting within the Congress Building. I was present as the IPAN representative and was the only representative from Australia.ANDREW 2: I understand that the Vice President of Colombia took part in the conference.BEVAN 2: Yes, on the second day we met with the Colombian Vice President, Francia Marquez, who spoke to us about her position on neutrality and we all shook hands with her at the end of her speech. Whilst she endorsed the Congress’ aim of formulating a strategy for ensuring peace world-wide, she raised some criticism of neutrality as such, as did several others at the Congress. The particular criticism deserves our attention because IPAN has endorsed the principle of “non-nuclear armed neutrality” in our vision for an alternative defence for an independent Australia.The concern is that neutrality could be taken to mean “isolationism”; “washing ones hands of world problems”; “turning ones back on injustices in the world” etc. Vice President Marquez said we cannot turn our backs on the suffering of the people in Gaza, for example.ANDREW 3: You say this discussion has implications for IPAN and its policies. Can you explain why this is so?BEVAN 3: It has implications for IPAN because we have proposed an alternative defence policy for Australia based on the concept of non-nuclear armed neutrality. Listening to the Vice President and other speakers at the Congress, it became clear to me that we need to carefully elaborate and explain exactly what we mean by neutrality. We certainly would not favour an isolationist approach.To be of any value to the Australian people, a policy of neutrality would have to involve positive engagement with the countries in our region and beyond and the taking of a stand on the side of peace and justice. For example, in relation to Gaza, a neutral Australia would not become involved militarily but would use all available diplomatic and economic measures to oppose Israeli Zionist genocide, and bring about a permanent ceasefire and secure a safe and peaceful future for the Palestinian and Israeli people. ANDREW 4: Some listeners may not have heard about this alternative defence policy which IPAN has formulated. Can you provide some details?BEVAN 4: IPAN’s alternative defence policy is based on non-nuclear armed neutrality and emphasizes diplomacy as the first option in the resolution of conflict between states. The ADF would be reconfigured for, and confined to, defence of Australian territory and its surrounding waters out to the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone. There would be no involvement in foreign wars of aggression and overseas deployment of the ADF would be restricted to joining United Nations peace keeping forces in appropriate circumstances.ANDREW 5: My understanding is that a policy of territorial defence would be far less expensive than Australia’s current focus on preparing for overseas wars, against China for example, in lock-step with the United States and its other allies. Defence analysts now say that recent technological advances such as those involving drones and remote sensing have made territorial self-defence based on area denial a much cheaper option than expeditionary, aggressive wars in distant locations.BEVAN 5: The costs are indeed mild-boggling. Australia’s military expenditure is planned to reach 2.4 percent of GDP by 2034 and the AUKUS expenditure of 368 billion dollars on nuclear propelled hunter-killer submarines is only a part of this. Defence Minister Marles has no trouble finding billions of dollars for hypersonic missile development and for equipping our frigates with Tomahawk cruise missiles designed for use against land-based targets while the country is crying out for affordable housing, improved health care, urgent attention to addressing the climate emergency and many other matters impacting the lives of the Australian people.ANDREW 6: I understand that IPAN’s alternative defence policy based on neutrality has found support in the Australian community and thus arguably deserves serious discussion. Two national opinion polls, conducted in 2023 by the Lowy Institute and Essential Research, have found that a majority of Australians are in favour of keeping out of a U.S. war against China and adopting a neutral position. In particular, the Lowy poll showed that 73 percent of Australian women favour this position. So what exactly is neutrality and how would it work?BEVAN 6: Broadly speaking there are two approaches, Isolationist neutrality and actively engaged neutrality.Switzerland’s policy is an example of isolationist neutrality. Switzerland joined the United Nations as recently as 2002, having participated in U.N. peace-keeping forces from 1990. But its neutrality is coming under question. Though not a member of NATO, Switzerland has a longstanding partnership with it. Bilateral cooperation began when Switzerland joined the Partnership for Peace (PfP) programme in 1996 and became a member of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) in 1997.This involves bilateral military cooperation and sharing of information and experiences. In 2024 Switzerland announced that it wants to achieve “closer, institutionalised cooperation” with NATO.ANDREW 7: Not everyone would look favourably on an isolationist approach. How does active neutrality work and who practices it?BEVAN 7: Austria, Mongolia and Costa Rica are examples of active engaged neutrality, with Costa Rica being a special case as one of only two countries to have abolished its military forces.Austria practises non-aligned engaged neutrality. Austria has its own self-defence force but does not host foreign military forces or bases but and does not participate in foreign wars or military alliances. Its parliament adopted the neutrality law which has become part of its constitution. It hosts international meetings. It has banned nuclear weapons and played a part in Central Europe becoming nuclear free. A nation which adopts a policy of neutrality can avoid entanglement in great power wars and have the credibility to act as a buffer state, promote peace keeping, host meetings between belligerents and act as a mediator.ANDREW 8: The Austrian approach could be applicable to Australia because it shows how we could play a constructive role in our region and beyond in the promotion of peaceful conflict resolution. What is preventing Australia adopting a foreign policy based on neutrality, in line with the expressed wishes of the majority of Australians?BEVAN 8: The basic problem is that Australia’s political leadership has been totally captured by the U.S. and slavishly follows U.S. foreign policy through the ANZUS Alliance and more recently the AUKUS war pact between the U.K., the U.S. and Australia. Internally, this subservience to the U.S. is expressed through the wholesale sellout of sovereignty resulting from the Force Posture Agreement signed by the U.S. and Australian governments in 2014. The F.P.A guarantees the United States a military posture in Australia. It gives the United States military unimpeded access to our airports, seaports, military bases and other areas. This includes porting of their nuclear submarines at HMAS Stirling in WA and basing of their nuclear-capable B52 bombers at RAAF Tindal in the NT. It facilitates the stationing in Darwin of 2,500 or more U.S. marines each year and the staging of military exercises with the ADF in preparation for war against China. The U.S. military also has a regional command centre in Darwin as well as storage depots for fuel, munitions and spare parts at Darwin, RAAF Tindal and the Bandiana Army base in Victoria, for its exclusive use.ANDREW 9: Then there’s the Pine Gap spy station near Alice Springs, which feeds the U.S. military strategic information from its satellite surveillance of the earth’s surface and its capture and analysis of radio communications including that from mobile phones. Professor Richard Tanter, an expert on the expanded role of Pine Gap, recently stated that the strategic information which Pine Gap supplies to the U.S. is passed on to the Israeli military for use in its war of genocide against the people of Gaza.BEVAN 9: Clearly neutrality is not an option until our continent is cleared of foreign military installations. This is the message to the Australian people. Only a massive, broad-based united people’s campaign to break free from the death-grip of the U.S. military alliance can create the conditions for the adoption of non-nuclear armed neutrality, the only policy which can make us safe, keep us out of foreign wars and steer us away from the headlong rush to the catastrophe we are presently on.ANDREW 10: That brings us to the end of today’s program.As usual, we welcome listeners’ comments and suggestions, which can be emailed to peacecentre@cicd.org.au, that is peacecentre@cicd.org.au. Good morning and thanks for listening.…
This show contains excerpts from speeches and music which were part of the International Solidarity May Day event which was held on Thursday 2nd May, 2024 at Trades Hall.Featuring performances from:Advanced League of People's Artists (ALPA). (facebook)Victorian Trade Union Choir (website)
In today’s CICD Alternative News, Bevan Ramsden and Andrew Fullerton from IPAN will examine the Albanese ALP Government’s policy of enmeshing us even more tightly in the US war machine, a policy which, in the event of a US war on China, will place us in grave danger of retaliatory strikes and is proceeding despite the fact that Australia faces no military threat. They also will look at the AUSMIN 2023 talks which took place a few weeks ago between Australia’s Defence Minister Richard Marles, Foreign Affairs Minister Penny Wong and their US counterparts, Secretary of State Anthony Blinken and Defence Secretary Lloyd Austin.…
A. Fullerton and B. Ramsden (IPAN) "seek to counter the misinformation and war mongering hysteria emanating from the corporate media and certain politicians in which China is portrayed as a military threat, and which seeks to build public support for a war to weaken China economically, and maintain US economic and military dominance in the region and worldwide."The show contains a history of the China-Taiwan situation since the end of WW2. The show covers USA's and Australia's policy and some context."The Australian Government does not recognize the ROC [Republic of China, i.e. Taiwan] as a sovereign state, and does not regard the authorities in Taiwan as having the status of a national government. Dealings between Australia and Taiwan therefore, take place unofficially. [...] Despite this, successive governments have supported the US policy of containing and confronting China in the South China Sea and elsewhere."…
The QUAD summit scheduled in Sydney on 24 May was cancelled due to the last minute announcement that US president Biden will not be attending. AUKUS: The Australian Anti-AUKUS Coalition calls on the Australian government to withdraw from any future Quad meetings and will oppose any future meetings of the QUAD in Australia.Labour, Greens & Defence Experts have published and open letter calling for an AUKUS Parliamentary Inquiry.The White house responded to the threat of imminent defeat of UKRAINE.Stella Assange addressed the National Press Club in Canberra.…
Margaret Williamson speaks about America’s military domination and issues with our sovereignty and the cost of the AUKUS nuclear submarine program.The American government is taking us to war with China. The danger of going to war with China is enormous.Margaret spoke about “we the people need to unite and stop this madness.”…
Margaret Williamson speaks about America’s military domination and issues with our sovereignty and the cost of the AUKUS nuclear submarine program.The American government is taking us to war with China. The danger of going to war with China is enormous.Margaret says “we the people need to unite and stop this madness.”…
Chauvinistic Western media attacks on China.Figures on Chinese economy 2020-2021 and Q1 2022.Israeli military murders journalist Shireen Abu Akleh.Nakba Day brief history and comment."Nakba is not a static event but rather an ongoing reality for Palestinians."
![Artwork](/static/images/128pixel.png)
1 Comments on upcoming Australian Federal Election, Philippines Election, Solomon Islands and Ukraine.
Independent and Peaceful Australia Network (IPAN - https://ipan.org.au) members Andrew Fullerton and Bevan Ramsden discuss climate change impacts and their similarities to the aftermath of wars as well as military spending in Australia
![Artwork](/static/images/128pixel.png)
1 John Speight on arms sellers and "need to re-arm", US-Australia military spending, AUKUS, nuclear submarines
John Speight speaks about link between arms sellers and "need to re-arm", USA-Australia military spending, aukus, nuclear submarines.
@import url('https://themes.googleusercontent.com/fonts/css?kit=iMc4-4exjgqA-toZgqqJBf35jAjY-31lSKWZb9Fa77M');.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-0{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-1{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-5{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-0{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-2{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-3{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-8{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-8>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-6>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-4>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-8>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-2>li:before{content:"- "}ul.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-0>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-4{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-0>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-4>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-6>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-2>li:before{content:"- "}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-3{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-7{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-4{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-5{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-8{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-0{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-0{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-1{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-2{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-5>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-7>li:before{content:"- "}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-4{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-1{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-3>li:before{content:"- "}ul.lst-kix_2hdgwfdb32ik-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-6{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-1{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-7>li:before{content:"- "}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_2300ayub36mj-1>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_pq4ob2c1h5k2-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-4{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-5{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-0{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_wyd56dg7suxt-1{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-1>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-3>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-5>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_i3vivck941qy-5>li:before{content:"- "}.lst-kix_hzmayxrfn9wh-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_s28718jtj3e-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_nvu3n1ango68-0>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-7>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-1{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-2>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-2{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-0{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-1>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-6>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-7{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-8{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-5{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_djxy3pxob44g-4>li:before{content:"\0025cb "}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-6{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_r9g77t9xyyxe-8>li:before{content:"\0025a0 "}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-3{list-style-type:none}ul.lst-kix_ys7mx1qeh51m-4{list-style-type:none}.lst-kix_x8ynjprvz6o6-3>li:before{content:"\0025cf "}ol{margin:0;padding:0}table td,table th{padding:0}.c8{margin-left:36pt;padding-top:0pt;padding-bottom:0pt;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left;height:11pt}.c4{margin-left:72pt;padding-top:0pt;padding-left:0pt;padding-bottom:0pt;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}.c3{margin-left:36pt;padding-top:0pt;padding-left:0pt;padding-bottom:0pt;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}.c7{padding-top:16pt;padding-bottom:4pt;line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}.c12{padding-top:0pt;padding-bottom:0pt;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:right;height:11pt}.c2{color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Open Sans";font-style:normal}.c9{padding-top:0pt;padding-bottom:0pt;line-height:1.15;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}.c14{color:#000000;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;font-size:8pt;font-style:normal}.c13{color:#434343;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;font-size:14pt;font-style:normal}.c19{color:#000000;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;font-size:11pt;font-style:normal}.c10{-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;color:#1155cc;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-skip-ink:none}.c17{margin-left:0pt;list-style-position:inside;text-indent:45pt}.c1{background-color:#ffffff;max-width:508.5pt;padding:36pt 72pt 72pt 31.5pt}.c16{font-weight:700;font-family:"Open Sans"}.c5{font-weight:400;font-family:"Open Sans"}.c0{color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}.c6{padding:0;margin:0}.c11{margin-left:108pt;padding-left:0pt}.c15{height:11pt}.c18{margin-left:36pt}.title{padding-top:0pt;color:#000000;font-size:26pt;padding-bottom:3pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}.subtitle{padding-top:0pt;color:#666666;font-size:15pt;padding-bottom:16pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}li{color:#000000;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Arial"}p{margin:0;color:#000000;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Arial"}h1{padding-top:20pt;color:#000000;font-size:20pt;padding-bottom:6pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}h2{padding-top:18pt;color:#000000;font-size:16pt;padding-bottom:6pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}h3{padding-top:16pt;color:#434343;font-size:14pt;padding-bottom:4pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}h4{padding-top:14pt;color:#666666;font-size:12pt;padding-bottom:4pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}h5{padding-top:12pt;color:#666666;font-size:11pt;padding-bottom:4pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left}h6{padding-top:12pt;color:#666666;font-size:11pt;padding-bottom:4pt;font-family:"Arial";line-height:1.15;page-break-after:avoid;font-style:italic;orphans:2;widows:2;text-align:left} Armenia and Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh ConflictBroadcast 2020 10 11 Intro [presenter signs on] Today we're going to be talking about the most recent flare-up in the ethnically Armenian region of Nagorno-Karabakh. This is a de facto independent region within the borders of Azerbaijan. Large-scale military hostilities began on the 27th of September and continues with mounting civilian and military casualties and huge dangers of escalation loom.History of the countries involved The histories of these two countries are long and complicated. For the purposes of this show it is important to note that over the last few centuries or so they have been part of the Persian, Ottoman and Russian Empires.The formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1922 begins the creation of the modern states of both Armenia and Azerbaijan (as SSRs of the USSR by 1936), more or less.The region in question, Nagorno-Karabakh is situated inside Azerbaijan. Amidst some murky machinations I won't pretend to understand, the region was designated an Autonomous oblast, possibly because of its majority armenian population, but this demographic make-up is contested by some historians. Historian Robert Service and some others are happy to blame Stalin for everything and call it a day. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 both countries emerged with their current borders, Azerbaijan has an exclave which no one seems to be worried about, and Armenia supports the ethnically Armenian enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh and some bordering regions, the territories of the Republic of Artsakh. This area is de jure part of Azerbaijan. Its independence is not recognised internationally.Guerilla fighting over this region began in 1988, and escalated as the USSR dissolved. Moving on,A look at the economies of the countriesArmeniaEnergy mostly comes from Russia - gas, nuclear.Domestic production of hydroelectricity.30% exports from minerals - gold, copper, molybdenum (used in some steels and other alloys)top exports of Armenia are Copper Ore ($693M), Gold($344M), Rolled Tobacco ($266M), Ferroalloys ($196M), and Hard Liquor ($195M). top imports of Armenia are Petroleum Gas($340M), Refined Petroleum ($227M), Diamonds ($175M), Cars($174M), and Broadcasting Equipment ($140M)Nuclear power plant. Azerbaijan Energy independent. Produces a huge amount of oil and gas.top exports of Azerbaijan are Crude Petroleum ($16.1B), Petroleum Gas ($1.52B), Refined Petroleum ($524M), Tomatoes($177M), and Gold ($151M).top imports of Azerbaijan are Gold($1.29B), Cars ($437M), Iron Pipes ($388M), Petroleum Gas ($313M), and Gas Turbines ($282M).Pipelines from Azerbaijan through Georgia and into Turkey.Huge oil and gas reserves offshore. 13 energy companies have signed deals with the state energy company to explore and exploit these resources. The Republic of Artsakh carries out some mining of copper and gold but largely depends on the Armenian diaspora and Armenia government for funds. There seems to be some potential for a tourism market, serving mostly Armenian wants but war is no good for tourism. History of the dispute As noted earlier, the modern borders of this region have been imposed on historic areas which were part of larger empires and kingdoms.Inter-ethnic tensions have been present for a long time. In the 20th Century conflict arose as the Ottoman Empire started to hit the rocks. There was the Armenian Genocide by the Ottoman Empire from 1914-1923. The widespread Armenian diaspora is a result of this genocide. Ethnic cleansing never acknowledged by Turkey.1923: Nagorno-Karabakh, in Azeri SSR territory assigned to Armenia SSR due to majority Armenian population and other alleged political considerations.Under the USSR tensions were present but seemed to be under some kind of control.From 1988-1994 guerilla warfare turns into open warfare as USSR dissolves. Inter-ethnic violence is a feature of this conflict. Several pogroms are in the record, notably Sumgay'it in 1988, Baku pogrom in 1990, these targeting Armenia populations in the east of Azerbaijan.Inside Nagorno-Karabakh itself in 1992 Azeris were massacred in the Khojaly [(g)ho-jaly] pogrom.From 1994 this issue was largely shelved as a "Frozen conflict" and ignored by what passes for the "international community."Current status of dispute In 2016 a flare up in the conflict killed 200. Shooting in July 2020 killed at least 16.Early in the morning of 27th of Sept, depending on whose side you believe, one sides army began firing on the other. This quickly escalated, heavy weapons - tanks, conventional aircraft and drones - are being used, civilian casualties.Predictably, the Azeris blame the Armenians and vice versa. As the Armenians are benefitting from the status quo - that is, the Republic of Arstakh continues to exist inside the borders of another country.There is not time to go through the ins and outs and the daily occurrences of the conflict, although I understand that this is a current niche hobby of people on the internet. This presenter does not possess the overarching military knowledge to draw out the complexities of this conflict into a cohesive whole. For that, I apologise. Suffice it to say that the situation is very fluid, there already is about a million Azeris displaced in their own country by Nagorno-Karabakh. As of Thursday about 75,000 ethnic Armenians have been displaced by the conflict.Continued fighting will only produce more refugees and more bodies. This must stop.International significance Currently Russia is doing what it can to not get directly involved in this conflict. The stakes are very high. Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova issued a diplomatic warning: “The downing of an Armenian SU-25 by a Turkish F-16, as claimed by the Ministry of Defense in Armenia, seems to complicate the situation, as Moscow, based on the Tashkent treaty, is obligated to offer military assistance to Armenia”.This is a serious warning because if this would be grounds for Russia to invoke the Collective Security Treaty and, under the terms of the alliance then Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan & Tajikistan would get involved in the conflict, in addition to the current players. This will provide impetus for Turkey and NATO to get more involved, more mercenaries will be employed, Iran will be dragged in and this could be the basis for World War Three.International involvement Turkey is openly supporting the conflict, deploying drones and aircraft and reportedly recruiting jihadis from the Syrian conflict to fight in Azerbaijan. Now, these jihadis are from a pool of Sunni extremists who have been fighting in Idlib against the Syrian government. These anti-government militias have been offered 3- or 6-month contracts at 7k-10k Turkish lira per month ($1250 - 1800 aud/mo). Mercenaries offered jobkeeper money to defend oil and gas facilities in Azerbaijan. I thought these people were meant to be fighting for a Free Syria? Guess I was mistaken…Please note that Turkish media is calling these reports "fake news". Russia is supplying Armenia with weapons. Iran is facilitating this supply. (Russia cannot resupply Armenia directly since there is no land border so they'll be using the Iranian border as an access point.) Israel is selling a lot of weapons to Azerbaijan. Russia sells weapons to both sides but only has a military alliance with Armenia. Turkey's involvement is NOT HELPING peace efforts. they should be encouraging negotiations rather than escalating the problem.Call for deescalation and peace De-escalation:Immediate ceasefire - don't assigning blame: ceasefireEngagement in peace talks (Minsk group, set up in 1992 by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe)years of negotiation without resulthelp azerbaijan & armenia to resolve this issue and live in peaceErdogan: “Given that the USA, Russia and France have neglected this problem for nearly 30 years, it is unacceptable that they are involved in a search for a ceasefire,” Now, this statement is telling - it shows us that Turkey is sceptical that there can be a ceasefire negotiated by the Minsk group. This is fair enough in the 'scales of justice sense' but is unacceptable considering the risk of further escalation and the increasing body count.UNSC?problematic because the UN has passed four resolutions calling for the withdrawal of Armenian forces from Nagorno-Karabakh.but we should not get distracted: what is needed, and needed right now is immediate ceasefire. Before blame is ascertained, before this or that report is confirmed or disproved the fighting needs to stop.Turkish involvement must stop (drones, F-16 attacks on civilian areas)welcome the news that Canada has stop drone salesJihadi mercenaries must not be used - we've seen what happens (Syria), there have been many reports of recruitment by Turkey of Jihadis from Syria. Although Israel to stop selling weapons to Azerbaijanwe condemn reports of the use of cluster bombs.Russian arms supplies to Armenia must stop.In short, all parties who are enabling the continuation of this conflict must cease these activities and put their energies to a ceasefire followed by peace negotiations. Enduring Peace:Is there a possibility of ending conflict "once and for all"? this could happen if the Republic of Artsakh agrees to dissolve.it is clear that international law does not support its existenceit is correct that the Armenian ethnic majority have been in the region for millenia.the issue here is that both sides are correct.First, though, both sides have to come to the negotiating table in good faith and for real peace. [Presenter signs off]…
مرحبًا بك في مشغل أف ام!
يقوم برنامج مشغل أف أم بمسح الويب للحصول على بودكاست عالية الجودة لتستمتع بها الآن. إنه أفضل تطبيق بودكاست ويعمل على أجهزة اندرويد والأيفون والويب. قم بالتسجيل لمزامنة الاشتراكات عبر الأجهزة.