Sharper Iron, hosted by Rev. Timothy Appel, looks at the text of Holy Scripture both in its broad context and its narrow detail, all for the sake of proclaiming Christ crucified and risen for sinners. Two pastors engage with God’s Word to sharpen not only their own faith and knowledge, but the faith and knowledge of all who listen. Sharper Iron is underwritten by Lutheran Church Extension Fund, where your investments help support the work of The Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod. Visit lcef.org.
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Isaiah 11:1-16: The Shoot from Jesse’s Stump
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Although the house of David has been unfaithful, the LORD will keep His promise to send the Savior. Though Jesse’s line is only a stump, the LORD will bring forth His Christ as a shoot from that root. As the One who bears the Spirit, the Christ will come in the true fear of the LORD to bring justice and righteousness for all people. The Christ is t…
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Isaiah 10:5-34: The Axe Doesn’t Swing the Lumberjack
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The LORD proclaims that mighty Assyria is the rod of anger in His hands. However, while the LORD does His work of bringing wrath against His own people through Assyria, Assyria becomes proud, as if they are the rulers of the world. The LORD laughs at Assyria’s haughtiness and promises that they too will be brought low for their wicked idolatry. Eve…
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Isaiah 9:8-10:4: What Will You Do on the Day of Punishment?
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Once again, Isaiah preaches against the arrogance of His own people. They think that they can build back better after His judgment, but His anger is not turned away. They did not turn back to the LORD after He struck them, and so His anger is not turned away. In wickedness, the people of God fight against themselves, and so His anger is not turned …
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Isaiah 9:1-7: Light from the Son's Birth
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The darkness of idolatry will not defeat the LORD’s light. He promises to shine His light upon His people, even in the most war-torn areas of the land. There, the LORD will increase their joy, give them the spoils of war, and break their oppressor’s rod. As He alone won the victory over Midian in the book of Judges, so the LORD will once again be v…
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Isaiah 8:11-22: The Stone of Sanctuary and Stumbling
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The LORD strengthens Isaiah for the task at hand. The prophet must not be filled with the false fear of the people, but Isaiah should instead fear the LORD and honor Him as the Holy One. He will be a sanctuary for Isaiah even as He is a rock of stumbling for those who do not believe. Strengthened by the LORD’s Word, Isaiah commands that His teachin…
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Isaiah 7:18-8:10: The Gospel Is Always Relevant
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Although Ahaz rejected the sign of Immanuel, the effects of the LORD’s promise would still be felt by Ahaz in his own day. Isaiah spells out how that rejected promise will bring judgment upon the LORD’s faithless people, even as the LORD promises that a remnant will remain. Through a Word from the LORD, Isaiah has a son whose name proclaims that th…
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During the reign of King Ahaz, the nations of Ephraim and Syria allied against Judah. As the king and all the people shook in fear, the LORD sent Isaiah to give His promise. The LORD would rescue His people from their enemies. King Ahaz did not need any foreign alliances for help. Instead, the king could simply wait quietly on the LORD. When Isaiah…
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Isaiah 6:1-13: The LORD Is the Holy, Holy, Holy King
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Isaiah recounts his call into the prophetic office. In the same year that King Uzziah died, Isaiah saw the LORD as the true King in the LORD’s heavenly temple. There, the six-winged seraphim sang the LORD’s praises, for His glory fills the whole earth. As the temple shook, Isaiah realized that his sin would mean death for him in seeing the holy God…
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Isaiah 5:1-30: A Vineyard Full of Wild Grapes
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Isaiah 5 begins with the prophet’s song concerning the vineyard of his Beloved. Although the LORD did absolutely everything for His people, they did not produce the good fruit of justice and righteousness. Instead, they produced the bad fruit of bloodshed and outcry. For that reason, the LORD tells Israel and Judah that judgment is coming, as the p…
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Isaiah 4:2-6: The LORD’s Branch Writes Your Name in His Book
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Isaiah returns to the hope that the LORD has for His people who trust in Him alone. Isaiah proclaims Christ as the glorious Branch of the LORD who makes His people prosperous through faith in Him. He cleanses His people from their sin and guilt to make them holy and to write their names in His Book of Life. He will lead them on a new exodus and be …
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Isaiah 3:1-4:1: Leaders and Luxuries Taken Away
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The LORD shows His people what their idolatrous trust in the strength of man will bring. The LORD will take away all capable leadership from His people, leading to chaos. Anyone and everyone will be offered the task, but no one will want to rule over the heap of rubble. This will happen because the people have become proud and shameless in their si…
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Isaiah 2:6-22: The LORD of Hosts Has a Day
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After giving a glorious vision of the hope that the LORD has for those who hear His Word and stream to Him in faith, the prophet Isaiah proclaims the stark reality that the house of Jacob has done the exact opposite. Judah has indulged in the wealth and power of the surrounding nations and has put her trust in their idols, rather than in the LORD a…
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Isaiah 2:1-5: The Tallest Mountain of All
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Isaiah proclaims a ray of hope as he writes down the Word of God that he has seen. Mount Zion is topographically unimpressive, but it stands as the tallest of all theologically because that is the place where the LORD dwells among His people in His house. The LORD describes the days to come when He will draw all nations to Himself by the proclamati…
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Isaiah 1:1-31: The LORD Calls His People to Court
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Isaiah’s prophetic ministry began during an economically prosperous time for the people of Judah, but the prophet saw the religious rot underneath. The first chapter of his book lays the groundwork for all of his preaching. Through Isaiah, the LORD calls His people to stand trial for breaking their covenant with Him. Their idolatry has made them re…
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Introduction to Isaiah 1-39: The Fifth Evangelist
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The prophet Isaiah’s ministry in Judah and Jerusalem spanned several decades during a tumultuous time in world history. The rise of Assyria as a dominant empire brought great trouble to the people of God in the southern kingdom. As Isaiah preached during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, he urged the kings and the people alike to pu…
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"The Fifth Evangelist” is a series on Sharper Iron that goes through Isaiah 1-39. The prophet proclaims to the people of his day and throughout history that the Holy One of Israel alone is exalted. Those who put their trust in the strength of man will be brought low, but those who trust in the LORD will see that He is their Immanuel. Jesus is God w…
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Christ is the Object of Thanksgiving (Rebroadcast)
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Rev. Sam Wirgau, pastor at Bethlehem Lutheran Church in Ossian, IN joins host Rev. Timothy Appel to study Luke 17:11-19. Samaria was not a place where many Jews of Jesus’ day ventured, but that is exactly the route Jesus took to Jerusalem and His cross. There Jesus encountered ten lepers. These men not only suffered greatly physically from this ter…
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Disciplined for Thanksgiving (Rebroadcast)
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Rev. Harrison Goodman, pastor at Mt. Calvary Lutheran Church in San Antonio, TX, joins host Rev. Timothy Appel to study Deuteronomy 8:1-10. Before the LORD brings Israel into the Promised Land, Moses invites the people to reflect upon the goodness of the LORD’s commandments. This is no romanticized memory; rather, they recall the dirty details of t…
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Psalm 147: Good Reasons to Give Thanks
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Psalm 147 not only reminds us that it is good to sing and give thanks to God alone, but it also gives us good reasons why. First, we give thanks to God as the One who redeems His people: past, present, and future. Second, we give thanks to God as the One who cares for His creation according to His steadfast love. Third, we give thanks to God as the…
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Psalm 138: The Lowly Give Thanks to the Exalted Lord
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Although human wisdom suggests that we ought to exalt ourselves and lift ourselves up to God, such attempts only leave us far from Him. Instead, those who recognize their humble estate and cry out to the LORD in their lowliness find that the Exalted One comes down to be near and help them. Psalm 138 helps us to give thanks to the LORD for preservin…
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Psalm 136: The Refrain of Thanksgiving
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The antiphonal nature of Psalm 136 is seen in the repeated second half of every verse: “His steadfast love endures forever.” This psalm helps us to give thanks to the LORD for His steadfast love shown forth in His work of creation, redemption, and His ongoing care for His people. For these reasons and more, we give thanks to the LORD, for He is goo…
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Psalm 111 is an acrostic poem that makes use of every letter of the Hebrew alphabet to show us the fullness of the LORD's steadfast love for which we give Him thanks and praise. The LORD’s works are great and majestic as He exercises His power to show us sinners His mercy. We remember His wondrous works that He has accomplished because He has remem…
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Psalm 107: He Delivered Them from Their Distress
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Psalm 107 gives thanks to the LORD for the deliverance He gives to His people when they cry to Him. Wherever they may be and whatever their distress, the LORD hears and answers His people. Whether such trouble comes upon us because we live in a world full of sin or the trouble is the sin of which we are guilty, the LORD shows mercy and grace to tho…
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Psalm 106: Thanksgiving in Confession of Sin
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Psalm 106 brings us to give thanks to God for His enduring steadfast love, shown to His people even in their sin. This psalm recounts both the LORD’s mighty works for Israel and Israel’s acts of rebellion. Israel’s history is littered with their rebellious idolatry, all the way from Egypt through the wilderness and into the Promised Land. Nonethele…
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Psalm 100: A Psalm for Giving Thanks
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The superscription of Psalm 100 identifies its purpose: to lead us into thanksgiving of the one true God. We join our voices to all creation when we make a joyful noise to the LORD, not only in our daily vocations, but especially in the Divine Service. We sing to Him because He has created us and saved us as our Good Shepherd. All of the LORD’s wor…
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Psalm 95: Come, Hear, and Believe Today
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Psalm 95 calls us to come and worship the LORD as the great God and King who has created all things and has shepherded His people. In His presence in the Divine Service, our voices break forth in song and our bodies bow in humility. To hear God’s Word in His presence is not a gift to be taken for granted, as the Israelites did in the wilderness, th…
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"Psalms of Thanksgiving” is a series on Sharper Iron that looks to several psalms to help us give thanks to God. The LORD gives blessings to His whole creation, even all evil people. As we pray the psalms, He teaches us to receive all His gifts with thanksgiving, knowing that He is good and His steadfast love endures forever. Sharper Iron, hosted b…
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Numbers 36:1-13: Faithful Questions Receive Gracious Answers
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The leaders of the tribe of Manasseh come to Moses with a follow-up question regarding the inheritance for the daughters of Zelophehad. What happens if these daughters marry outside the tribe of Manasseh? Will Manasseh’s inheritance, a gift from the LORD, be taken away from them? The LORD answers this faithful question graciously; He delights when …
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Numbers 35:1-34: Levites, the Living Sermon for Israel
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Because the tribe of Levi did not have a particular section of land as an inheritance, the LORD instructed His people to provide cities throughout Israel for Levites to live and to work. Although the Levites received income from the tithes of the people, they still worked the land as well. In this way, the LORD provided the Levites as a living serm…
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Numbers 34:1-29: The Lines Fall in Pleasant Places
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The LORD continues to prepare His people for their entry into the Promised Land. He lays out the boundaries of the land He is giving to them as a definite and concrete fulfillment of what He has spoken. The fact that the LORD gives these boundaries before the people have entered the land further solidifies the certainty of His promise, as does the …
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Numbers 33:1-56: Moses' Travel Journal
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Now that the LORD has led His people to the brink of the Promised Land, Moses recounts the places Israel has camped since the Exodus from Egypt. Each place mentioned along the way is a place where the LORD led His people. Throughout this history, Moses highlights God’s gracious work for His rebellious people. From Egypt to Sinai through the wildern…
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Numbers 32:1-42: First Fruits of Inheritance
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The tribes of Reuben and Gad, along with half of the tribe of Manasseh, approach Moses with a request to inherit land on the east side of the Jordan River, because that area is fitting for raising their livestock. Moses initially reacts with anger against this request, remembering how Israel’s refusal to go into the Promised Land forty years ago ha…
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The LORD commands His people to bring His vengeance upon the idolatry of Midian, by which Midian had led Israel into idolatry. Zealous Phineas, who previously has stopped the idolatrous worship, leads Israel in this battle, serving as a reminder that the LORD is the One who fights and wins for His people. Israel puts to death the five kings of Midi…
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Numbers 30:1-16: Let Your Yes Be Yes
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Moses gives Israel instructions concerning vows. As the LORD does according to His Word, so the LORD’s people also should do according to their word. The provisions for men and women making vows serve two purposes. First, the LORD’s commands are given priority and govern what His people might vow. Second, the vows of an individual are not to underc…
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Numbers 29:1-40: The Second Half of the Church Year
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The LORD continues to give His people instructions for their life of worship when they get to the Promised Land. This chapter turns their attention to the festivals in the second half of Israel’s religious calendar. The Feast of Trumpets was a harvest celebration that marked the beginning of these holy days. The Day of Atonement was a central obser…
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Numbers 28:1-31: The First Half of the Church Year
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The LORD instructs His people concerning their life of worship when they get into the Promised Land. He gives them daily sacrifices as a foundation for His grace among them. He adds grace to grace by giving further weekly sacrifices every Sabbath day. At the beginning of every month, the LORD gives more grace through additional sacrifices. In this …
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Numbers 27:1-23: Matters of Inheritance and Succession
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The new generation of Israelites who will enter the Promised Land begins to show itself faithful to the LORD’s Word. The daughters of Zelophehad know what the LORD has promised concerning the land as the family’s inheritance, and so they approach Moses in faith with a question about what will happen in their family, since their father has no sons. …
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Numbers 26:1-65: A New Census for a New Generation
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The old generation of those Israelites who refused to go into the Promised Land has now died, and the new generation of those Israelites who were younger than twenty years old stands ready to enter the LORD’s inheritance. Because Aaron has already died, Eleazar assists Moses in taking this second census. Whereas the first census in Numbers focused …
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Numbers 25:1-18: Israel’s Idolatry and Phineas’ Zeal
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Although Balaam was unable to get the LORD to curse Israel, the false prophet finds success in getting Israel to curse itself. By engaging in adulterous acts with the idolatrous daughters of Moab, the people Israel join themselves to the idolatrous worship of Baal of Peor. The LORD’s wrath against His rebellious people is swift; He sends a plague a…
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Numbers 24:1-25: A Star Shall Rise from Jacob
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The Word of the LORD continues to speak through Balaam for blessing upon Israel rather than curses. Neither the evil intentions of the false prophet or the pagan king will stop God from being present for His own people for their good. Balak grows angrier at Balaam, and yet the LORD continues to speak. He gives His Word to Balaam so that even this f…
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Balaam instructs Balak to prepare seven altars with seven bulls and seven rams in preparation for a word from God. Although Balak has paid Balaam to curse Israel, the LORD’s first word to Balaam is one of blessing over His people. Balak protests, but he has Balaam move to a different spot with a different view over Israel, hoping that this will all…
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Numbers 22:1-41: God Will Speak, Even If It Takes a Donkey
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For a few chapters, Moses turns our attention toward the camp of Israel’s enemy. King Balak of Moab realizes that physical force will not succeed against Israel, so he attempts spiritual warfare against Israel’s God. Balak offers to pay the false prophet Balaam to curse Israel. Balaam agrees to go, saying that he will only be able to say what has b…
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Numbers 21:10-35: Rejoice, O Pilgrim Throng
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The people of Israel continue their journey toward the Promised Land from one place to the next according to the LORD’s direction. In contrast to previous parts of their trip, in this section, Israel joyfully follows the LORD. They even sing His praises for giving them water instead of grumbling that there isn’t any! As Israel draws closer to the P…
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Israel’s journey toward the Promised Land continues to meet external opposition. When a Canaanite king comes out against Israel, Israel turns to the LORD for His help, and He is faithful to His promise. However, when Israel’s journey turns in a seemingly wrong direction due to Edom’s lack of cooperation, the people are quick to grumble again. In re…
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The book of Numbers fast-forwards thirty-eight years to the last part of Israel’s wilderness wanderings. They come back to the same place where they had previously refused to enter the Promised Land. Miriam’s death signals that the older generation is almost at its end. When the people grumble once more about the lack of water and think they had it…
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In this chapter, the LORD first instructs His people in how they will make water for purification, and second, He describes situations for that water’s use. A red heifer without defect is sacrificed and burned along with other specific items in order to make ashes for use in the water for purification. Such water is used especially when an Israelit…
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Numbers 18:1-32: The Ministry of Priests and Levites
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Although Levites were the primary leaders of a recent rebellion against the LORD, He does not reject their ongoing service in His midst. Instead, He confirms that He will continue to use the ministry of both Levites and priests for service in His holy sanctuary. The priesthood given to Aaron and his sons is a gift from the LORD, both to Aaron and t…
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Numbers 16:41-17:13: Aaron’s Budding Staff
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Only one day after watching the earth swallow up Korah and his company, the rest of Israel still grumbled against Moses and Aaron, thinking that they could approach the LORD apart from His chosen mediators. When the LORD began to send a plague against Israel, Moses interceded for the people by sending Aaron with burning incense to stand between the…
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Although not every event in Israel’s wilderness wandering is recorded, the rebellion led by Korah, Dathan, and Abiram typifies the rebelliousness of the older generation. Although the descendants of Kohath already hold the honored position of carrying the holy things of the tabernacle, still they desire for themselves the priestly service given to …
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Numbers 15:1-41: When You Come into the Land
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Although the older generation of Israelites has just heard the LORD decree that they will die in the wilderness, this does not mean Israel will not possess the Promised Land. The LORD reminds His people that He will keep His promise by turning to give them instructions that they will need for their life in Canaan. The LORD doesn’t say “if” you get …
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